Remember to (up)rate. You can Favourite the guide too - it will show up higher in the list for you and you will be able to access it via one click after opening the Steam overlay :)!

These are three Pulsar guides I sometimes use myself:
Tips and Tricks by Daedalus1105
Pyro's megaguide to exploring the galaxy: Tips and tricks to make your journey easier by The Curious Pyro
Stealth and detection mechanics by Sir Knumskull which might be outdated as of Beta 20.3, because of the changes to the detection and scanning. RIP, you did well.

Disclaimer note: I have contributed to the "Tips and Tricks" by Daedalus1105 and some very small bits to Pyro's Megaguide to the Galaxy. And only after reading the Stealth and detection mechanics I finally understood it - after over 220 hours game time, I couldn't figure it out myself (I am, apparently, slow).
I may feel a bit biased towards them (I think they are excellent guides), but... there are simply not many more not-outdated-guides with much substance. These are the few great ones amongst outdated ones... which doesn't mean they are not good by themselves ;).

There are some problems in the game with the values - some values differ between the "choose-the-ship" screen, the gauges on the ship's internal screens and the parts' descriptions in tabmenu/SHIP. - those have been fixed since.

Italic text indicates weak points of the ship.
indicates strong points of the ship.

• A better-than average starting ship.
  
• Extractor support;
  
• Reversible main thrusters;
  
• Not huge;
  
• If you capture the Grim Cutlass, you can have its (best in the game?) Aux Reactor and keep the layout and other default parameters of the ship (actually, now that I think about it, you should capture it as soon as possible (remember about Block Long Range Comms, though!) if you're starting with Intrepid);
  
• Has a hidden cyber-fox plush toy. I've just been told that the legend has it there are four cyber-fox plush toys hidden on the ship. (I have only found two and I think I did a thorough pass on the ship - figures)

• Nothing here for now.

• Nothing here for now.

Italic text indicates weak points of the ship.
indicates strong points of the ship.

• A better-than average starting ship.
  
• Humongous cargo capacity
  
• Jetpack™ Support!
  
• Extractor support
  
• Bonus 25% shield recharge rate
  
• Auto turrets.

• Non-reversible main thrusters. Go forward or die.
  
• Starting auto-turrets damage is laughable.
  
• "Meh" starting programs.
  
• Only 5 processor slots.

• Huge.
  
  • Problems with manoeuvring.
    
  • Problems with getting around the ship.
    
  • Can't get into tight spots in missions.
    
  • Problems when boarded.
    
  • Problems with infected hiding on the ship.
    
  • Problems with trolls.
    
  • Wasting time in transit.
    
  • Engineer's Fuel Pump ridiculously far from the Bridge.
    
• Drives like a brick.
  Maxxing the Special Inertia Training for the Pilot is mandatory and should take precedence over any other talent.

Italic text indicates weak points of the ship.
indicates strong points of the ship.

• One of two best starting ships (the other being Carrier) overall!

• Reversible main thrusters.
  
• Extractor support
  
• Bonus 30% Diplomacy
  
• Grows its own research materials
• Tiniest ship of all
  • Everywhere is within shouting distance
    
  • The Engineer's Fuel Pump lever is super close
    
  • Everything you will immediately need is on the Bridge except for lockers and the reactor itself
    
  • Small frame = harder to hit
    
  • Small frame = can get into places
    
• 10 processor slots.
• Two interesting starting programs.

• Only 1 non-main weapon turret.
  
• No Jetpack™ Support!
  
• Relatively low cargo capacity.
  
• No battle advantages except small frame.
  
• Relatively weak in the endgame - once the research is done, you're worse than in a different ship with full research. Recommendation: as soon as you're done with all the research: buy some cheap-yet-relatively-good spare parts, put your good parts into your cargo hold, capture another ship (preferably a Carrier), steal all your good parts from cargo, extract what's good enough to sell left and keep extracting till it pops.
  
• Relatively long distance to cover to get to the lockers/collect the research material.

• Nothing I can think of right now.

Italic text indicates weak points of the ship.
indicates strong points of the ship.

• A better-than average starting ship.
  
• Decent cargo capacity
  
• Bonus 35% Turret Charge Speed
  
• Bonus 10% Intimidation
  
• Medium-sized, compact frame

• Non-reversible main thrusters. Go forward or die.
  
• No Extractor support!
  
• No Jetpack™ Support!
  
• Relatively "meh" starting programs, but good enough for fightning.
  
• The doors on the ship don't really stand out and confuse new people as where the corridors and other rooms are.

• 4 processor slots.

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indicates strong points of the ship.

• A better-than average starting fightning ship.
  
• Bonus 35% Turret Damage.
  
• Bonus 50% Armour.
  
• Starting Hull and Armour are unmatched.
  
• Medium-big sized.
  
• The (only) non-main turret slot is right on the bridge.
  
• Two auto-turrets
  
• Two missile silos

• Non-reversible main thrusters. Go forward or die.
  
• No Extractor support.
  
• Only one non-main turret slot (though it is right on the bridge).
  
• The ship has a bit of a weird design. Expect running long distances to weapons.
  
• Only 2400 max temperature of starting Reactor. Better have a good engineer and/or spend your money on coolant.
  
• Weak (400) starting shield for a warship.
  
• Relatively "meh" starting programs.
  
• No Jetpack™ Support!

• 8 cargo capacity. Abysmal!
  
• 4 processor slots.
  
• Colonial Union Classic starting Captain's chair with EM Detection bonus?!

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indicates strong points of the ship.

• Hidden compartment with 4 slots
  
• A better-than average starting cloak-and-dagger ship.
  
• Reversible main thrusters.
  
• Extractor support with the best starting Extractor from any ship
  
• Bonus -50% EM Signature
  
• Medium-sized, compact frame
  
• Starting programs suite is superb
  
• More processor slots than most ships
  
• Good for boarding
  
• The whole ship is about stealth, it will suit some playstyles, but not others.

• The whole ship is about stealth, it will suit some playstyles, but not others.
  
• Mediocre cargo capacity.
  
• Actually weak in regular shootout fights (at least at the beginning).
  
• Relatively weak inherent shiptype bonus.
  
• Starting warp drive is super slow charging, you will use fuel for insta-charging it or die (either from getting shot or from boredom).
  
• No Jetpack™ Support!
  
• Only 1 missile silo.

• Nothing really ugly comes to mind.

Italic text indicates weak points of the ship.
indicates strong points of the ship.

• One of the two best starting ships (the other being the Outrider).
  
• One of the two best inherent ship bonuses in the game - less scrap, more part drops!
  
• Extractor support with the best starting Extractor from any ship.
  
• Starting programs suite is great (the best among ships).
  
• Very big cargo space.
  
• Hidden cargo compartment with 8 slots.
  
• More processor slots than most ships.
  
• Reversible main thrusters.
  
• Good for basically anything - fight, smuggle, pirate, board, research - you name it.
  
• Great for endgame - the inherent bonus will be useful for the whole game!
• One of the non-main turrets is super-close to the bridge - convenient!

• Weak - and only two - starting processors.
  
• Only one missile silo. Even the "research vessel" Outrider has two silos...
  
• A bit weird architecture. After 100+ hours, I keep getting lost in the weird room in the middle.
  
• Starting warp drive is super slow charging, you will use fuel to for insta-charging it or die (either from getting shot or from boredom).
  
• No Jetpack™ Support!
  
• A bit slow start, but once you have a few upgrades, you're going to be almost invincible.

• Very weak starting shields.

Italic text indicates weak points of the ship.
indicates strong points of the ship.

• EMP instead of a nuke. Non-changeable slot.
  
• Kind-of-refreshing Biscuit Creation Station minigame.
  
• Cookie trade mechanics. You get to sell cookies, get money and compete against other (AI) biscuit-selling ships on the leaderboard.
  
• Cookie-demand radar (I kid you not!) on the bridge.
  
• Best starting warp drive range (the same as Outrider, by the way).
  
• Small-Medium sized (well, outside).
  
• Starting sensors levels 3, 2, 2, 2 (instead of 1, 1, 1, 1 as on all? other ships).
  
• Two missile silos.
  
• Jetpack™ Support!
  
• Extractor support.
  
• Small-Medium sized (well, outside).
  
• New music.
  
• New suits and hats to complete your FB employee visage!
  
• Functionally excellent ship layout - weapons and teleporter are almost at the bridge itself.
  
• As above, to the point of being overpowered - the Science screen is next to the "pump fuel" lever. Scientists' dream come true... but as with all the dreams that come true comes the feeling of futility and nihilism. (This has been fixed since)

• EMP instead of a nuke. If someone likes using nukes... you can't on this ship.
  
• Non-reversible main thrusters. Go forward (and sell cookies) or die.
  
• Only one non-main turret slot (though it is right next to the bridge).
  
• The ship has a bit of a weird design. Expect running long distances to Engineering... but if someone is there, there is no need for a scientist on the bridge.
  
• Relatively "meh" starting programs.
  
• 18 cargo capacity, though the cargo hold could actually have many more. Puzzling.
  

• 4 processor slots.
  
• 38 starting Armour. Abysmal!
  
• There is no actual ship specific bonus. The Biscuit creation station and trade aren't really bonuses.
  
• You start with -5 W.D. reputation. Have fun going through their sectors...
  
• The absolutely OP nature of the fuel pump next to the science screen in the Engineering.

If you see any mistakes (factual, grammar errors, spelling mistakes) in the guide, please, let me know in the comments.

If the game is updated and I look like I'm not here to update the guide - poke me in the comments and I'll do what will be in my power to update it.