This is the first scouting map (available from week 4)

This is the scouting map available from when you move to your second camp on the ice.

This map is available after you lock down for the Winter (week 21)

Edit: This map is outdated since the update, but it is still somewhat accurate.

Grab both of the Climbing Tools and Guns from the Temperance, as these will make scouting and hunting much more effective.

When Hunting/researching keep in mind that nodes disappear after sending a party to them, regardless of the size. Therefore, try to send out the max number of people to the following nodes:

Research (3 Scientists max) (Gives 1 Research and 3 Decorum each)
Elephant Seals (2 crew max) (Each seal gives 18 Hoosh OR 15 Fuel and cure random crew of freezing)
Leopard Seals (2 crew max) (Each seal gives 24 Hoosh and cure one random crew of demoralized OR 16 Fuel)
Emperor Penguins (4 crew max) (Each Penguin gives 9 Hoosh OR 6 Fuel)

Also this should go without saying but prioritize getting to the above nodes when scouting as well.

Finally, don't be afraid to send one or two crew to the other types of nodes as well provided you have crew and dogs to spare. You will find some of them while scouting to the above locations anyway, and you won't have time to scout and hunt each map fully each time anyway.

As mentioned above the third map is somewhat inaccurate, however since you only have about 3 actual weeks to hunt it shouldn't affect you that much. If you notice any other errors in the first two maps, please let me know and I will update them.